What are Bioceramics?

Biochemical are ceramic materials that interact with biological systems. They are commonly used as orthopedic and dental implants to replace hard tissues like bone. Biochemical are made from various oxides like aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, calcium phosphate etc. They have properties like high strength, bio inertness and ability to bond with living tissues which make them suitable for medical applications.

Types of Bioceramics

There are three main types of biochemical based on their applications - bio inert ceramics, Bioceramics and bioresorbable ceramics. Bio inert ceramics like aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide do not interact with body tissues but are stable and do not dissolve inside the body. Bioactive ceramics like hydroxyapatite and glass ceramics form a bond with living tissues through the growth of bone cells on their surface. Bioresorbable ceramics are made from calcium phosphate and their structure is gradually broken down and replaced by new bone tissue as the implant degrades with time.

Uses in Orthopedic Implants

Biochemical are frequently used to make orthopedic implants like hip joints, knee implants and bone screws. Hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium and polyethylene implants enhance bone ingrowth. Calcium phosphate ceramics are utilized for producing bioresorbable bone void fillers and coatings that repair defects. Aluminum oxide ceramic heads are commonly used in artificial hip joints due to their high strength and wear resistance. Zirconia ceramics are gaining popularity for femoral heads as well due to their fracture toughness and biocompatibility.

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