Surah Maryam, the 19th chapter of the Holy Quran, occupies a position of profound reverence within Islamic scripture. Named after the virtuous Mary (peace be upon her), the Surah unfolds a captivating narrative brimming with themes of unwavering faith, miraculous occurrences, and the boundless mercy of Allah (God). This article delves into the essence of Surah Maryam, exploring its rich tapestry of themes and its enduring significance for Muslims worldwide.

Structure and Location:

Encompassing 98 verses, Surah Maryam is classified as a Makki Surah, meaning it was revealed in Mecca during the early years of Islam, a period characterized by intense opposition to the Prophet Muhammad’s (peace be upon him) message (Tafsir Ibn Kathir). The Surah resides in the 16th juz (para) of the Quran, offering a powerful testament to faith and resilience amidst adversity.

Central Themes:

• The Story of Mary (peace be upon her): Surah Maryam beautifully narrates the story of Mary, a woman of exceptional piety and devotion to Allah. Verses 16-34 meticulously depict the transformative encounter with Angel Gabriel, who announces the miraculous conception of Jesus (peace be upon him) (Quran 19:16-34). Mary’s initial bewilderment (verse 20) quickly transcends into unwavering faith (verse 21), as she submits to God’s divine will with the powerful declaration, “I am a servant of Allah. I have received His message and He has made me a prophet” (Quran 19:21). The Surah further portrays the challenges Mary faced due to the unexpected pregnancy (verse 23) and the societal stigma she endured (verse 28).

And mention in the Book (the Quran, O Muhammad SAW , the story of) Maryam (Mary), when she withdrew in seclusion from her family to a place facing east. (Quran 19:16)

She placed a screen (to screen herself) from them; then We sent to her Our Ruh [angel Jibrael (Gabriel)], and he appeared before her in the form of a man in all respects. (Quran 19:17)

She said: “Verily! I seek refuge with the Most Beneficent (Allah) from you, if you do fear Allah.” (Quran 19:18)

(The angel) said: “I am only a Messenger from your Lord, (to announce) to you the gift of a righteous son.” (Quran 19:19)

She said: “How can I have a son, when no man has touched me, nor am I unchaste?” (Quran 19:20)

He said: “So (it will be), your Lord said: ‘That is easy for Me (Allah): And (We wish) to appoint him as a sign to mankind and a mercy from Us (Allah), and it is a matter (already) decreed, (by Allah). (Quran 19:21)

So she conceived him, and she withdrew with him to a far place (i.e. Bethlehem valley about 4-6 miles from Jerusalem). (Quran 19:22)

And the pains of childbirth drove her to the trunk of a date-palm. She said: “Would that I had died before this, and had been forgotten and out of sight!” (Quran 19:23)

Then [the babe ‘Iesa (Jesus) or Jibrael (Gabriel)] cried unto her from below her, saying: “Grieve not! Your Lord has provided a water stream under you; (Quran 19:24)

“And shake the trunk of date-palm towards you, it will let fall fresh ripe-dates upon you.” (Quran 19:25)

“So eat and drink and be glad, and if you see any human being, say: ‘Verily! I have vowed a fast unto the Most Beneficent (Allah) so I shall not speak to any human being this day. (Quran 19:26)

Then she brought him (the baby) to her people, carrying him. They said: “O Mary! Indeed you have brought a thing Fariya (an unheard mighty thing). (Quran 19:27)

“O sister (i.e. the like) of Harun (Aaron) [not the brother of Musa (Moses), but he was another pious man at the time of Maryam (Mary)]! Your father was not a man who used to commit adultery, nor your mother was an unchaste woman.” (Quran 19:28)

Then she pointed to him. They said: “How can we talk to one who is a child in the cradle?” (Quran 19:29)

“He [‘Iesa (Jesus)] said: Verily! I am a slave of Allah, He has given me the Scripture and made me a Prophet;” (Quran 19:30)

“And He has made me blessed wheresoever I be, and has enjoined on me Salat (prayer), and Zakat, as long as I live.” (Quran 19:31)

“And dutiful to my mother, and made me not arrogant, unblest.(Quran 19:32)

“And Salam (peace) be upon me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I shall be raised alive!”(Quran 19:33)

Such is ‘Iesa (Jesus), son of Maryam (Mary). (it is) a statement of truth, about which they doubt (or dispute). (Quran 19:34)

• The Power of Faith: Surah Maryam serves as a powerful testament to the transformative power of faith. Mary’s unwavering trust in Allah, despite the social and personal challenges she faced, exemplifies the unwavering conviction that should reside within the hearts of all believers. Furthermore, verse 65 emphasizes, “And whoever puts his trust in Allah – He is sufficient for him” (Quran 19:65), highlighting that faith in Allah provides solace and strength in the face of difficulties.

Lord of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, so worship Him (Alone) and be constant and patient in His worship. Do you know of any who is similar to Him? (of course none is similar or coequal or comparable to Him, and He has none as partner with Him). [There is nothing like unto Him and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer]. (Quran 19:65)

• Miracles of God: The miraculous nature of Jesus’ birth is a recurring theme in Surah Maryam. Verses 20-22 describe the miraculous provision of dates and a cool stream to Mary during her seclusion (Quran 19:20-22). These extraordinary events serve as a potent reminder of God’s limitless power and His ability to intervene in the lives of His righteous servants (Tafsir al-Jalalayn). Additionally, the miraculous ability of the infant Jesus to speak in the cradle (verses 29-33) further underscores God’s miraculous intervention and the unique role of Jesus (peace be upon him) (Quran 19:29-33).
• Discourses on Monotheism: The Surah vehemently refutes the concept of polytheism, emphasizing the absolute oneness of God. Verses 36-37 condemn those who attribute children to Allah and highlight His absolute sovereignty (Quran 19:36-37). This emphasis on monotheism serves as a cornerstone of Islamic belief, as further emphasized in verse 65, which declares, “Allah is sufficient for him” (Quran 19:65), implying that He alone deserves worship and reliance.

[‘Iesa (Jesus) said]: “And verily Allah is my Lord and your Lord. So worship Him (Alone). That is the Straight Path. (Allah’s Religion of Islamic Monotheism which He did ordain for all of His Prophets).” (Quran 19:36)

Then the sects differed [i.e. the Christians about ‘Iesa (Jesus) ], so woe unto the disbelievers [those who gave false witness by saying that ‘Iesa (Jesus) is the son of Allah] from the meeting of a great Day (i.e. the Day of Resurrection, when they will be thrown in the blazing Fire). (Quran 19:37)

• Patience and Perseverance: Surah Maryam underscores the critical importance of patience and perseverance in the face of trials and tribulations. Mary’s unwavering faith serves as a beacon of inspiration for Muslims navigating challenging times. The Surah reminds believers that with steadfastness and reliance on God, they can overcome any obstacle, “And be patient (O Mary), for the promise of Allah is true”.

Lord of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between them, so worship Him (Alone) and be constant and patient in His worship. Do you know of any who is similar to Him? (of course none is similar or coequal or comparable to Him, and He has none as partner with Him). [There is nothing like unto Him and He is the All-Hearer, the All-Seer]. (Quran 19:65)

Then, there has succeeded them a posterity who have given up As-Salat (the prayers) [i.e. made their Salat (prayers) to be lost, either by not offering them or by not offering them perfectly or by not offering them in their proper fixed times, etc.] and have followed lusts. So they will be thrown in Hell. (Quran 19:59)

Except those who repent and believe (in the Oneness of Allah and His Messenger Muhammad SAW), and work righteousness. Such will enter Paradise and they will not be wronged in aught. (Quran 19:60)

(They will enter) ‘Adn (Eden) Paradise (everlasting Gardens), which the Most Beneficent (Allah) has promised to His slaves in the unseen: Verily! His Promise must come to pass. (Quran 19:61)

Then We shall save those who use to fear Allah and were dutiful to Him. And We shall leave the Zalimun (polytheists and wrongdoers, etc.) therein (humbled) to their knees (in Hell). (Quran 19:72)

And Allah increases in guidance those who walk aright [true believers in the Oneness of Allah who fear Allah much (abstain from all kinds of sins and evil deeds which He has forbidden), and love Allah much (perform all kinds of good deeds which He has ordained)]. And the righteous good deeds that last, are better with your Lord, for reward and better for resort. (Quran 19:76)

Significance for Muslims:

Surah Maryam offers a treasure trove of spiritual wisdom and guidance for Muslims. By reciting and reflecting upon the Surah, Muslim believers gain:

• A Deeper Understanding of God’s Mercy: The Surah showcases God’s boundless compassion and His miraculous intervention in the lives of the righteous, offering solace and strengthening faith (Tafsir as-Sadi).
• Strengthened Faith: The unwavering faith displayed by Mary (peace be upon her) and the miraculous birth of Jesus (peace be upon him) serve as powerful reminders of God’s power and the importance of unwavering faith in His plan (Tafsir an-Nawawi).
• Guidance in Difficult Times: The Surah’s message of patience and perseverance offers comfort and strength during challenging situations. It reminds Muslims that difficulties are a natural part of life, but with unwavering trust in Allah and steadfastness in their faith, they can navigate any hardship. Verse 65 reinforces this concept: “And whoever puts his trust in Allah – He is sufficient for him” (Quran 19:65). This verse emphasizes that relying on Allah’s will and enduring challenges with patience ultimately leads to His reward and eases the burden of difficulties.

Lessons from Surah Maryam:

Surah Maryam offers a multitude of lessons for Muslims in their daily lives. Here are some key takeaways:

• Importance of Faith: The Surah emphasizes the transformative power of faith. Mary’s unwavering trust in Allah serves as a powerful example for Muslims to cultivate strong faith and complete reliance on God’s plan.
• Facing Challenges with Strength: The Surah highlights the importance of patience and perseverance when facing difficulties. Mary’s resilience inspires Muslims to navigate challenges with faith and trust in Allah’s ultimate plan.
• God’s Mercy and Miracles: The miraculous events surrounding Jesus’ birth are a testament to God’s limitless power and mercy. This reinforces faith in the unseen and reminds Muslims that God intervenes in the lives of His righteous servants.
• Importance of Monotheism: The Surah vehemently rejects polytheism and emphasizes the absolute oneness of God. This core Islamic belief serves as a foundation for worship and reliance solely on Allah.

Conclusion:

Surah Maryam is a captivating chapter of the Quran, intricately woven with themes of faith, miracles, and divine mercy. By delving into its verses, Muslims gain a deeper understanding of God’s power, the importance of unwavering faith, and the strength found in perseverance. The Surah continues to resonate with Muslims worldwide, offering spiritual guidance and solace for generations to come.