Causes of Dyspareunia Treatment

There are several potential underlying causes of dyspareunia or pain during sexual intercourse. Some of the more common causes include:

Vaginal and vulvar infections:

 Bacterial vaginosis, yeast infections, and some sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like herpes and human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause inflammation and pain in the genital area. Vulvovaginitis or inflammation of the vulva and vagina is a common cause of Dyspareunia Treatment resulting from infections.

Vaginismus:

 This is an involuntary spasm of the pelvic floor muscles that makes vaginal penetration difficult or impossible. It is usually a psychological response to the fear of pain during intercourse.

Endometriosis:

 The presence of uterine tissue outside the uterine cavity, as occurs in endometriosis, can cause scarring and adhesions that lead to dyspareunia. Pain is usually worse during menstruation.

Fibroids:

 Non-cancerous growths occurring in or on the wall of the uterus can press on nerves and blood vessels, resulting in pain during deep penetration.

Lack of lubrication:

 Insufficient vaginal lubrication due to decreased arousal, menopause, or certain medications can make penetration painful.

Trauma:

 Past traumatic vaginal deliveries, pelvic surgery, abuse, or other injuries may result in scar tissue formation leading to vulvar or vaginal pain with penetration.

Pelvic floor dysfunction:

 Tightness or spasms of the levator ani muscles that support the pelvic organs can cause pain on deeper penetration.

Underlying medical conditions:

Conditions like interstitial cystitis, pelvic congestion syndrome, endometriosis, pelvic floor myalgia, and pudendal neuralgia may be associated with dyspareunia.

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