Despite the low risk of Mpox outbreak in India, the government is implementing preventive measures, including rigorous airport screening and heightened vigilance at land borders. They are also stressing the need to gear up testing capabilities and boost surveillance to prevent the spread of the disease and ensure timely detection.

In a proactive response to the global Mpox situation, the Union Health Ministry of India has rolled out enhanced preventive measures to combat the spread of the disease. With increased vigilance at key entry points and a strengthened network of testing laboratories, the government is prepared to address any potential outbreaks.

Mpox, formerly known as monkeypox, re-emerged on the global stage in 2022. India has reported 30 cases as of March 2024, and the World Health Organization (WHO) escalated the threat level to a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) in August 2024 due to a new variant.1 Indian authorities are committed to maintaining a high state of readiness to manage the evolving situation.

Disseminating information about this recently emerging threat, Dr. XYZ from ABC Organization states, “The Mpox virus (MPXV) primarily spreads through close contact with infected individuals or animals. Classified into two distinct subtypes: Clade 1, found in the Congo basin, and Clade 2, present in West Africa, Mpox symptoms usually manifest 7 to 14 days post-exposure, beginning with fever, severe headache, muscle pain, backache, and swollen lymph nodes. The disease’s hallmark is its skin rash, which progresses from flat lesions to raised bumps, blisters, and scabs. These rashes can appear on various body parts, including palms, soles, face, mouth, genital areas, and anus.”

For most individuals, Mpox is a self-limiting disease with supportive care being the primary treatment approach; however, it can pose severe risks to immunocompromised individuals, children, and pregnant women. Medical experts stress the importance of early medical intervention to manage symptoms and prevent complications. Ensuring adequate hydration is crucial to prevent dehydration and support overall health. Pain management is facilitated through the use of analgesics, and antipyretics play a key role in reducing fever and providing relief. Additionally, meticulous wound care is vital to prevent secondary infections from skin lesions. 

Currently, no specific vaccines for Mpox exist. However, smallpox and chickenpox vaccines may provide some protection due to their similar virus structures. Public health guidelines recommend these vaccines, along with rigorous hygiene practices, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and using protective gear like masks and gloves. Travelers are encouraged to stay updated and adhere to health advisories. 

As global Mpox cases rise, India continues to stay alert. Staying informed about best practices and emerging treatments is essential as we navigate the challenges posed by Mpox. Continued vigilance and adherence to the guidelines will ensure better patients outcomes and help mitigate the impact of this disease.

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