Swimming pools are a significant investment, offering relaxation, entertainment, and a place to cool off during hot summer months. Over time, however, the surface of a pool can begin to show signs of wear and tear. Cracks, discoloration, and rough textures are common issues that arise as pool plaster ages. To restore your pool’s beauty and ensure it remains safe and comfortable, pool plaster refinishing becomes an essential task. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about pool plaster refinishing, from understanding the process to choosing the right materials, and maintaining your newly refinished pool.

Understanding Pool Plaster: What It Is and Why It Matters

Pool plaster is the final coating applied to the interior surface of a concrete pool. This plaster is made from a mixture of cement, sand, and water, and sometimes additional materials like marble dust or pigments are added for enhanced durability or aesthetic appeal. The plaster serves several purposes: it provides a watertight seal, adds a smooth and comfortable texture, and gives the pool its clean, finished appearance.

Over time, even the highest quality plaster will begin to deteriorate due to factors like chemical imbalances, fluctuating temperatures, and constant exposure to water. As the plaster ages, it may develop issues such as etching, staining, and delamination, all of which can compromise the integrity and appearance of the pool. This is where pool plaster refinishing comes in—a process that involves removing the old plaster and applying a new layer to restore the pool’s original beauty and functionality.

Signs That Your Pool Needs Refinishing

Knowing when to refinish your pool is crucial to maintaining its safety and aesthetic appeal. Here are some common signs that indicate it’s time for pool plaster refinishing:

Surface Roughness: If you or your swimmers notice that the pool's surface feels rough or abrasive, it’s a clear indication that the plaster has started to erode. This can be uncomfortable and even lead to minor injuries, making it essential to address the issue promptly.

Staining: Stains on the pool’s surface are often caused by algae, minerals, or chemical imbalances. These stains can be unsightly and difficult to remove through regular cleaning, signaling that the plaster may be compromised.

Cracks and Chips: Cracks and chips in the plaster can allow water to seep through, potentially damaging the pool’s structural integrity. These issues often begin small but can worsen over time if not addressed.

Discoloration: Over time, pool plaster can lose its original color, becoming dull or mottled. While this might not affect the pool's functionality, it detracts from its aesthetic appeal and can be a sign of underlying issues.

Increased Maintenance: If you find yourself spending more time and money on pool maintenance, it could be due to deteriorating plaster. As the plaster wears away, it can become more challenging to maintain proper chemical balance, leading to increased algae growth and other problems.

The Pool Plaster Refinishing Process: Step by Step

Refinishing a pool is a significant project that requires careful planning and execution. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of what the process typically involves:

Draining the Pool: The first step in pool plaster refinishing is to drain the pool completely. This allows the contractors to access the entire surface and ensures that the new plaster adheres properly.

Removing the Old Plaster: Once the pool is drained, the old plaster must be removed. This is typically done using specialized tools like jackhammers or sandblasters, which can effectively strip away the deteriorated material without damaging the underlying concrete shell. In some cases, only a thin layer of plaster needs to be removed, while in others, a more extensive removal may be necessary.

Inspecting and Repairing the Surface: After the old plaster is removed, the pool surface is inspected for any structural issues such as cracks, chips, or leaks. Any damage is repaired before applying the new plaster to ensure the pool’s longevity and performance.

Applying the New Plaster: With the surface prepped, the new plaster is mixed and applied. This step requires precision to achieve an even, smooth coating that will provide both durability and a pleasant texture. The plaster is typically applied in several layers, allowing each to set before the next is added.

Curing the Plaster: After application, the new plaster needs time to cure, a process that can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks depending on the type of plaster used and environmental conditions. During this time, it’s crucial to maintain proper water chemistry and keep the pool filled to prevent any damage to the fresh plaster.

Refilling the Pool and Balancing Chemicals: Once the plaster has cured, the pool is refilled with water, and the chemical levels are carefully balanced to ensure a smooth start to the new season.

Types of Pool Plaster: Choosing the Right Finish

One of the most critical decisions in the refinishing process is selecting the right type of plaster. The choice of plaster affects not only the pool’s appearance but also its durability and maintenance requirements. Here are the most common types of pool plaster finishes:

Traditional White Plaster: This is the most common and cost-effective type of pool plaster. It provides a clean, bright appearance that enhances the pool’s clarity. However, it is prone to staining and may require more frequent refinishing compared to other options.

Aggregate Finishes: Aggregate finishes, such as those made from quartz or pebble, offer enhanced durability and a unique, textured look. These finishes can be customized with different colors and materials to create a stunning visual effect. Aggregate finishes are also more resistant to staining and etching, making them a popular choice for many pool owners.

Polished Finishes: Polished pool finishes, often made from a combination of marble or quartz and a special polishing technique, provide a sleek, smooth surface that is both luxurious and durable. These finishes can be more expensive but offer a long-lasting, low-maintenance option.

Colored Plaster: For those looking to add a splash of personality to their pool, colored plaster offers a variety of hues and shades. Whether you prefer a deep blue lagoon or a soft aqua tone, colored plaster can transform the look of your pool while still providing the benefits of traditional plaster.

Maintaining Your Refinished Pool

Once your pool has been refinished, proper maintenance is essential to preserving the new plaster and ensuring it lasts as long as possible. Here are some tips to keep your refinished pool in top condition:

Maintain Proper Water Chemistry: Keeping your pool’s pH, alkalinity, and calcium hardness levels balanced is crucial to preventing damage to the plaster. Imbalanced water chemistry can lead to staining, etching, and other issues that can shorten the lifespan of your plaster.

Regular Cleaning: Brush the pool’s surface regularly to prevent algae buildup and remove any debris that could cause staining or damage. Vacuum the pool as needed to keep it clean and clear.

Monitor Water Levels: Maintaining the correct water level is essential for the health of your pool’s plaster. Allowing the water level to drop too low can expose the plaster to air, causing it to crack or delaminate.

Schedule Routine Inspections: Have your pool inspected by a professional at least once a year to catch any potential issues early. Regular inspections can help identify small problems before they become significant, costly repairs.

Consider a Pool Cover: Using a pool cover when the pool is not in use can protect the plaster from debris, UV rays, and temperature fluctuations, all of which can contribute to wear and tear.

Conclusion

Pool plaster refinishing is a significant investment, but it is also a crucial step in maintaining the beauty, safety, and functionality of your swimming pool. By understanding the refinishing process, choosing the right materials, and committing to regular maintenance, you can ensure that your pool remains a source of enjoyment for many years to come. Whether you opt for a traditional white plaster or a more luxurious aggregate finish, taking the time to properly refinish and care for your pool will pay off in the form of a stunning, long-lasting outdoor oasis.