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NEW QUESTION 51
When accounting for the disposal of fixed assets, the gain or loss on disposal is equal to...?
- A. The difference between resale price and the cost or valuation less accumulated depre-ciation up to the date of disposal
- B. The difference between resale price and the cost or valuation plus depreciation up to the beginning of the year in which disposal took place
- C. The difference between resale price and the cost of that asset
- D. The difference between resale price and the cost of the asset less depreciation up to the beginning of the year in which disposal took place
Answer: D
Explanation:
Fixed assets may be sold anytime during their useful life. This gives rise to the need to derecognize the asset from balance sheet and recognize any resulting gain or loss in the income statement.
The accounting for disposal of fixed assets can be summarized as follows:
- Record cash receive or the receivable created from the sale:
Debit Cash/Receivable
- Remove the asset from the balance sheet
Credit Fixed Asset (Net Book Value)
- Recognize the resulting gain or loss
Debit/Credit Gain or Loss (Income Statement)
Example
ABC LTD purchased a machine for $2000 on 1st January 2001 which had a useful life of 5 years and an estimated residual value of $500. The machine was being depreciated on straight line basis. However, ABC LTD decided to sell the asset on1 January 2003 for $1500 in order to raise cash for the purchase of a new machine.
The disposal of the fixed asset will be recorded as follows:
Record cash received or the receivable arising from the sale:
Debit Cash $1,500
Remove the asset from the balance sheet
As a fixed asset is recognized in the balance sheet at the Net Book Value (i.e. Cost less Accumulated Depreciation), the machine will be removed from the accounts of ABC LTD in two parts:
First, the Machine Cost must be removed by crediting the ledger:
Credit Machine Cost $2,500
Second, the Accumulated Depreciation in respect of the machine must be removed by debiting the ledger:
Debit Accumalated Depreciation $600*
*Accumulated Depreciation: (2000 - 500)/5 x 2 Years
The combined effect of the above two transactions would be to remove the machine's net book value of $1400 (2000 - 600) from the balance sheet.
Recognize the resulting gain or loss on the sale of machine
ABC LTD received $1500 for an asset with a balance sheet worth of $1400. It therefore earned a gain of $100. The gain will be recorded as follows:
Credit Gain on Disposal $100
Reference:
- Accounting for Disposals
- CIPS study guide page 197-198
LO 3, AC 3.3
NEW QUESTION 52
Which of the following is a main objective of just-in-time?
- A. Leveraging economic order quantity
- B. Higher safety stock
- C. Better demand forecasting
- D. Waste reduction
Answer: D
Explanation:
JIT, often referred to as the Toyota production system (TPS), originated in Toyota's manufacturing plants in Japan in the early 1970s. It was first introduced by the organisation's owner, Taiichi Ohno. The prime goal of JIT is the achievement of zero inventories.
The just-in-time objectives of eliminating waste can be summarised in the 'five zeros: zero defects, zero set-up times, zero inventories, zero handling and zero lead times.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.3
NEW QUESTION 53
Which of the following are warehouse layouts that allow the cross aisle to meet picking aisle at angles different from 90 degrees?
1. 'Fan' shaped layout
2. Herringbone-shaped layout
3. U-shape layout
4. L-shape layout
- A. 1 and 3 only
- B. 2 and 3 only
- C. 1 and 2 only
- D. 3 and 4 only
Answer: C
Explanation:
In a traditional warehouse, storage racks are arranged to create parallel picking aisles, perhaps with one or more cross aisles to allow workers to move quickly between picking aisles. This structure forces workers to travel rectilinear distances (north-south and east-west) to picking locations.
Kevin R. Gue and Russell D. Meller proposed alternative aisle designs:
- The 'Fan' shaped layout (or "Flying V"). This layout maintains parallel picking aisles, but al-lows the cross aisle to take on a different shape. If travel begins and ends at the bottom of the V, Gue and Meller expected distance to retrieve a single pallet is 10% less in this warehouse than in an equivalent traditional design.
- The Herringbone-shaped layout (or commonly referred as Fishbone layout) combines the verti-cal picking rows of a traditional warehouse with a second set of horizontal picking rows, divided by a V-shaped diagonal alley crossing the entire warehouse. This simple modification to the typical warehouse design allows employees (e.g. a forklift driver) to increase travel speed between picking locations. Efficiency gains achieved through a layout reconfiguration would reduce picking cost up to 23% compared to an equivalent warehouse using a traditional configuration.
Reference
Aisle Design - Kevin Gue
LO 1, AC 1.1
NEW QUESTION 54
Sidel Corp is a major food processor. It invested heavily on manufacturing facilities and processing machineries. Sidel's expenses on maintenance are exceptionally high. To minimise the total cost of maintenance, what should Sidel Corp do?
- A. Replace every machineries at breakdowns
- B. Outsource corrective maintenance but in-source preventative maintenance.
- C. Balance between proactive maintenance and reactive maintenance
- D. Only conduct preventative maintenance
Answer: C
Explanation:
Maintenance can represent a significant portion of the cost in asset intensive organisations (such as Sidel - a food processor), as breakdowns have an impact on the capacity, quality and cost of operation. However, the formulation of a maintenance strategy depends on a number of factors, including the cost of down time, reliability characteristics and redundancy of assets. Consequently, the balance between preventive maintenance (PM) and corrective maintenance (CM) for minimising costs varies between organisations and assets. Nevertheless, there are some rules of thumb on the balance between PM and CM, such as the 80/20 rule.
Preventive maintenance is a type of proactive maintenance, while corrective maintenance is an example of reactive maintenance. Therefore, the answer should be "Balance between proactive maintenance and reactive maintenance".
Reference:
- Preventive and corrective maintenance - cost comparison and cost-benefit analysis
- CIPS study guide page 158-163
LO 3, AC 3.1
NEW QUESTION 55
A manufacturer is making a plan for strategic safety stock. To do so, they must analyse the proba-bility of a stock out occurring and the cost impacts if it does. Which of the following are typical costs the manufacturer may incur in 'out of stock' event? Select TWO that apply.
- A. Cost of equipment downtime
- B. Extra costs for urgent transportation
- C. Costs for qualifying suppliers
- D. Costs of handling inventory
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Costs of approving the requisition
Explanation:
The costs of stockouts - the costs of being out of inventory - include:
- Loss of production output
- Costs of idle time and of fixed overheads spread over a reduced level of output
- Costs of any action taken to deal with the stockout, such as buying from another stockist at an enhanced price, switching production, obtaining substitute materials
- Loss of customer goodwill due to the inability to supply or late delivery.
(Procurement and Supply Chain management - 9th Edition, K.
Lysons and B. Farrington, 2016) LO 2, AC 2.2
NEW QUESTION 56
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